Siyazan, Azerbaijan
A guide to 130km (4-6 days) of hiking on the Transcaucasian Trail
The Siyazan section of the TCT marks the easternmost end of the trail, beginning at the Caspian Sea and gradually climbing inland toward the first foothills of the Greater Caucasus. Crossing through Siyazan, Khizi, Shabran, and into the edge of Guba district, this 130 km route unfolds as a steady transition from coastal lowlands to forested highlands and open ridgelines. Below, you will find practical information and trail notes, along with links to interactive maps and downloadable GPS data to support navigation along the route.
Rather than dramatic alpine terrain, this section is defined by contrast: semi-arid hills, striped geology, pockets of dense forest, and wide views over the Caspian basin. The trail is quieter and less developed than western sections, with limited infrastructure and a few settlements (Qalaşıxı, Xələnc, and Qalaaltı) serving as access points.
Quick Facts:
Elevation loss: -5,304 m / 17,401 ft (westbound)
Minimum elevation: -9 m / -30 ft
Maximum elevation: 1,754 m / 5,755 ft
Average elevation: 937 m / 3,074 ft
Status: Not developed by TCT
Marking type: None
The Siyazan section of the TCT offers a transitional experience from the Caspian coastal lowlands into the first ridges of the Greater Caucasus. The route spans from below Beshbarmag Mountain through the districts of Siyazan, Khizi, and Shabran, gradually climbing inland toward the edge of Guba. Along the way, the landscape shifts from dry, open hills and exposed ridgelines to patches of pasture and forest, with occasional settlements such as Qalaşıxı, Xələnc, and Qalaaltı providing limited access points. Cultural landmarks, including pilgrimage sites and fortress ruins, reflect the long-standing human presence in this corridor.
Trail conditions vary significantly across the section. Expect a mix of faint footpaths, jeep tracks, and animal trails, often without clear definition. Overgrown vegetation can obscure the route in warmer months, while long exposed stretches offer little shade and can become extremely hot in summer. Water sources are limited and seasonal, requiring careful planning. While parts of the trail pass through areas used by shepherds and local residents, regular maintenance by the TCT has not yet been established.
Trail markings are largely absent throughout this section. Hikers should not expect consistent signage or blazes and must rely on GPS navigation. Route-finding can be challenging in open pastureland and along ridgelines where multiple paths diverge.
Access points are relatively sparse and unevenly distributed. Road connections exist near Beshbarmag, Qalaşıxı, and Qalaaltı, though some require additional transport planning. Services along the route are minimal, with limited opportunities to resupply outside of larger towns off-route. This section is best approached with a high degree of self-sufficiency and preparation.
Important Disclaimer
The TCTA strives to provide accurate, current information as to trail conditions and the trail route. However, actual trail conditions may be different, and such information may not be accurate or complete. Trail users are urged to consider all the information available from other sources and to heed local advice when available. Trail users are ultimately responsible for all decisions as to the trail routes, trail conditions, weather, and safety.
In addition to the hazards posed by steep terrain and mountain weather, hikers should be prepared for difficult route-finding and challenging trail conditions, the possibility of washed-out bridges and dangerous river crossings in high water, aggressive dogs guarding sheep and cattle, giant hogweed, and frequent summer thunderstorms with extremely intensive periods of lightning. Access to emergency medical care and search and rescue is not always available.
